Common Factors Model

Zac E. Imel

The study of psychotherapy has yielded important insights into the predictors of clinical improvement. One major focus of the psychotherapy outcome literature has been to determine the most efficacious treatment models or techniques. For example, is cognitive therapy (CT), in which therapists focus on helping clients identify and challenge irrational thoughts, more effective in treating depression than interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT), in which therapists encourage clients to discuss and troubleshoot problems in their social relationships? Reviews indicate that the number of psychothera-pies has increased approximately 600% since 1960 and the number of psychotherapeutic treatments models is greater than 200. Are each of these therapies fundamentally different, offering clients help in separate ways, or might they share more in common than one might expect? While proponents of the various models claim that techniques and strategies specific to their models account for client change, research indicates that the mechanisms responsible for change common ...

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