Smith, Adam (1723–1790)

Fonna Forman-Barzilai

Adam Smith was a Scottish moral philosopher and political economist and a participant in a movement of intellectual flourishing in eighteenth-century Scotland known as the Scottish Enlightenment, which included such figures as Frances Hutcheson (1694–1746), David Hume (1711–1776), Thomas Reid (1710–1796), and Adam Ferguson (1723–1816). Smith was also the author of two influential books: one on moral theory, The Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759) and one on political economy, An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations (1776). The first book brought Smith immediate fame as a man of letters, inside and outside of Scotland, but the second book was largely responsible for Smith's lasting international influence, launching his renown as the father of classical political economy, a school that over centuries included such thinkers as David Ricardo (1772–1823), Thomas Malthus (1776–1834), John Stuart Mill (1806–1873), Karl Marx (1818–1883), John Maynard Keynes (1887–1982), and Milton Smith ...

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