Chapter 66: Women's Leadership in Biology

Shirley Key

Women's leadership in biology Today in the United States and elsewhere, women are underrepresented in the sciences, technology, and engineering, or in the hard sciences, as well as in secondary or higher education in many nations around the globe where often “girls are still held back by presumptions that educating them will be a ‘waste’… and that girls are less capable than boys” (Seager, 2009, p. 80). The focus of this chapter is women's leadership in the hard sciences. Hard sciences refer to the fields of physics, chemistry, geology, biology, and their subfields. The biological sciences, for example, include microbiology, zoology, ornithology, entomology, botany, biochemistry, ichthyology, cytology, and many other divisions. The terms hard and soft sciences are often synonymous with the terms natural and social sciences (respectively). Studies of anthropology, political science, psychology, and sociology are sometimes called soft sciences. Even within the fields, there is a sorting of ...

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