School Counseling

Julie Heim Jackson & Mary E. Walsh & Kenneth M. Cohen

School counseling is a well-recognized profession in today's elementary and secondary schools. The practice of the profession has been informed by theories of both human development and counseling. This entry will explore the history of school counseling as well as the current focus of the profession, in particular, the school counselor's role in addressing nonacademic barriers to learning. It will conclude with a discussion of contemporary interventions used by the school counseling profession. School counseling is a profession that provides guidance and support for the academic, social, and career development of elementary, secondary, and postsecondary students. Grounded in developmental and counseling psychology, school counseling recognizes that children's academic development (a) is significantly affected by the contexts of family and community, (b) occurs simultaneously at biological, psychological, and social levels, (c) extends over the life span, and (d) involves both strengths and deficits. Through comprehensive, developmental programs, school counselors offer support ...

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