Cognition/Intelligence, Assessment of

Jonathan A. Plucker & Rachel Oxnard

The assessment of intelligence has a long and colorful history, and its development mirrors the development of psychology as a field. From the early work of Francis Galton and James McKean Cattell to the seminal contributions of Charles Spearman and David Wechsler to the contemporary work of Alan and Nadeen Kaufman, Jack Naglieri, and many others, the assessment of intelligence has facilitated the growth of scientific and clinical psychology. The purpose of this entry is not to provide a comprehensive review of current and promising instruments but rather to highlight important approaches to and key issues involving the assessment of intelligence. There are numerous ways to classify the diverse range of intellectual assessments, but this entry uses two basic categories to facilitate the treatment of the topic: classic assessments (those based on classic theoretical and conceptual approaches to intelligence) and contemporary approaches (those based on more recent theoretical approaches). The ...

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