School Improvement Models

Shelby Cosner

A school improvement model is a specific design or framework for school reform that can be adopted by schools. The interchangeable term school reform models also appears in the literature. A variety of school improvement models exist, including externally developed models—created by organizations outside local schools—and internally developed models—designed by people within school organizations. These models vary by purpose, featured design elements, degree of specificity regarding the implementation of design elements, and extent of research that has been conducted on the model's effects specific to school conditions and student achievement. While the history of education in the United States displays a series of attempts at reform, the contemporary era has seen a degree of political intensity brought to bear upon the reform agenda. The beginning of this period was marked by the rebuke to the educational system delivered in the 1983 report A Nation at Risk: The Imperative for Educational ...

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