Race- and Ethnic-Based Schooling

Raymond Terrell

Race has been a significant issue in American educational policy and practice. It has also been the grounding for significant educational reform, especially throughout the 20th century. During America's earliest beginnings, it was illegal to provide education for African Americans. By the mid-1800s, however, significant changes had begun to occur in the education of African American youth. For example, in 1837 the Institute for Colored Youth was founded by Richard Humphreys; later it became Cheney University. In 1854, Ashmun Institute in Pennsylvania was opened as the first school of higher learning for young Black men and was later renamed Lincoln University after President Abraham Lincoln. Wilberforce University, founded by the African American Episcopal Church in 1876, was the first university owned and operated by African Americans. Howard University housed the nation's first Black law school (1869), and Meharry Medical College (1876) was the first Black medical school, founded by the ...

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