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English Schooi
The English School (hereafter ES) refers to a group of scholars whose work has been influenced by the British Committee on the Theory of International Politics, established in the 1950s. Martin Wight, Hedley Bull, Herbert Butterfield, Adam Watson, John Vincent, Tim Dunne, Nicholas Wheeler, Robert Jackson, and Barry Buzan are among these scholars. According to ES, one can see international relations as an interplay of three philosophical traditions—realism (Machiavellianism), rationalism (Grotianism), and revolutionism (Kantianism). These also correspond to three distinct modes of organization of the international realm, namely the international system, international society, and world society, respectively. ES is known for its concept of international society: That states sharing common rules, norms, and institutions form a society of states that has an impact on their ...
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