Chapter 67: Women's Leadership in Mathematics

Mary W. Gray

Women's leadership in mathematics Frequently the question arises of why there are not more women in leadership positions in science. Historically there have been so few women in science that the scarcity of women in leadership roles has been an understandable issue of supply. In the past 30 years, notably since 1972 when the nondiscrimination in employment provisions of Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 became applicable to professional positions and Title IX, prohibiting discrimination in education, was passed, the situation has altered to some extent. Although the legal and medical professions have approached gender parity at the entry levels, and some sciences have made substantial progress, there are still fields where women are scarce, notably physics, engineering, and economics. In the mathematical sciences, the percentage of Ph.D.s going to women has increased from less than 6% in the 1960s to a high of 34% in the ...

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